Search results for "density [energy]"

showing 10 items of 138 documents

Low-density lipoproteins generated during an oral fat load in mild hypertriglyceridemic and healthy subjects are smaller, denser, and have an increas…

2005

Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins generated during the postprandial phase are atherogenic. Large very low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) or chylomicrons (CMs) are not as atherogenic as their remnants (Rem). Small and dense LDLs are associated with cardiovascular disease. Low-density lipoprotein size is partly under genetic control and is considered as a relatively stable LDL feature. In this article, we present data on retinyl palmitate kinetics correlated with the modification of LDL features in terms of size, density, and in vitro receptor binding affinity after an oral fat load. Six nondiabetic, hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) patients and 6 healthy controls were examined. Low-density lipoprotein s…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyRetinyl EstersSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismBinding CompetitiveModels Biologicalchemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyInternal medicineRetinyl palmitateCell Line TumorChylomicronsmedicineHumansReceptorVitamin AHypertriglyceridemiaLow-density lipoproteins hypertriglyceridemia Fasting and postprandial LDLsTriglycerideCatabolismChemistryFastingFibroblastsPostprandial PeriodDietary FatsLipidsLipoproteins LDLKineticsEndocrinologyPostprandialReceptors LDLlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Density gradient ultracentrifugationElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelFemaleDiterpenesUltracentrifugationLipoproteinChylomicronMetabolism: clinical and experimental
researchProduct

Semi-Supervised Support Vector Biophysical Parameter Estimation

2008

Two kernel-based methods for semi-supervised regression are presented. The methods rely on building a graph or hypergraph Laplacian with both the labeled and unlabeled data, which is further used to deform the training kernel matrix. The deformed kernel is then used for support vector regression (SVR). The semi-supervised SVR methods are sucessfully tested in LAI estimation and ocean chlorophyll concentration prediction from remotely sensed images.

Artificial neural networkbusiness.industryComputer scienceEstimation theoryPattern recognitionRegression analysisSupport vector machineStatistics::Machine LearningKernel (linear algebra)Kernel methodVariable kernel density estimationPolynomial kernelRadial basis function kernelArtificial intelligencebusinessLaplace operatorIGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
researchProduct

Synthesis of a New Disulfide Affinity Adsorbent for Purification of Human Uterine Progesterone Receptor

2005

For purification of the human uterine progesterone receptor, an affinity adsorbent was synthesized in which the specific ligand (16 alpha-ethyl-3-oxo-19nor-androst-4-ene 17 beta-carboxylic acid) was bound to derivatized celulose using a disulfide-group-containing spacer. The purified receptor protein, isolated by reductive cleavage of the disulfide bond, bound the synthetic gestagen R5020 with high affinity (Kd 12.2 nmol/l). The affinity gel was highly efficient. A 24000-fold purification of progesterone receptor with a recovery of 40% could be achieved in a single step within 6 h. By means of dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis two main polypeptides with molecular weights o…

Binding CompetitiveBiochemistryChromatography Affinitychemistry.chemical_compoundCytosolAdsorptionPregnenedionesProgesterone receptorCentrifugation Density GradientHumansCelluloseReceptorPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisChromatographyProgesterone CongenersMolecular massUterusDisulfide bondLigand (biochemistry)Resins SyntheticchemistryBiochemistryElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelFemaleAdsorptionReceptors ProgesteroneEuropean Journal of Biochemistry
researchProduct

Advancing cyanobacteria biomass estimation from hyperspectral observations: Demonstrations with HICO and PRISMA imagery

2021

Retrieval of the phycocyanin concentration (PC), a characteristic pigment of, and proxy for, cyanobacteria biomass, from hyperspectral satellite remote sensing measurements is challenging due to uncertainties in the remote sensing reflectance (?R) resulting from atmospheric correction and instrument radiometric noise. Although several individual algorithms have been proven to capture local variations in cyanobacteria biomass in specific regions, their performance has not been assessed on hyperspectral images from satellite sensors. Our work leverages a machine-learning model, Mixture Density Networks (MDNs), trained on a large (N = 939) dataset of collocated in situ chlorophyll-a concentrat…

Biomass (ecology)Aquatic remote sensingcyanoHABsHICOMultispectral imageAtmospheric correctionPhycocyaninSoil ScienceHyperspectral imagingGeologyPRISMASpectral bandsCyanobacteriacyanobacteria ; phycocyanin ; machine learning ; mixture density network ; aquatic remote sensing ; cyanoHABs ; HICO ; PRISMAMachine learningMixture density networkEnvironmental scienceRadiometrySatelliteNoise (video)Computers in Earth SciencesRemote sensingRemote Sensing of Environment
researchProduct

Sedimentation properties of chitosomal chitin synthetase from the wild-type strain and the 'slime' variant of Neurospora crassa.

1989

Marked differences in the pattern of sedimentation of cellular structures were observed after isopycnic centrifugation of crude cell-free preparations from the Neurospora crassa wall-less 'slime' variant and mycelial wild-type strain. Kinetic studies of particle sedimentation showed that the various types of subcellular components, as revealed by turbidity, UV absorption, polypeptide patterns, and chitin synthetase activity determinations, sediment independently of one another. An important feature was the finding that chitin synthetase from 'slime' peaked at a median specific gravity of 1.1201 +/- 0.0036, whereas that from wild-type strain sedimented at a higher buoyant density (specific g…

BiophysicsCentrifugation IsopycnicBiochemistryNeurospora crassaCell wallchemistry.chemical_compoundChitinCentrifugation Density GradientMolecular BiologyPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisSpecific GravityDifferential centrifugationChitin SynthaseOrganellesbiologyStrain (chemistry)Neurospora crassafungiCrassaGenetic VariationSedimentationbiology.organism_classificationcarbohydrates (lipids)Molecular WeightKineticsMicroscopy ElectronNeurosporaBiochemistrychemistryGlucosyltransferasesElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelSpectrophotometry UltravioletBiochimica et biophysica acta
researchProduct

Comparative lipidomics and proteomics analysis of platelet lipid rafts using different detergents

2016

Lipid rafts play a pivotal role in physiological functions of platelets. Their isolation using nonionic mild detergents is considered as the gold standard method, but there is no consensual detergent for lipid raft studies. We aimed to investigate which detergent is the most suitable for lipid raft isolation from platelet membrane, based on lipidomics and proteomics analysis. Platelets were obtained from healthy donors. Twelve sucrose fractions were extracted by three different detergents, namely Brij 35, Lubrol WX, and Triton X100, at 0.05% and 1%. After lipidomics analysis and determination of fractions enriched in cholesterol (Ch) and sphingomyelin (SM), proteomics analysis was performed…

Blood Platelets0301 basic medicineProteome[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Detergents030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyProteomics03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMembrane Microdomains0302 clinical medicineproteomicsLipidomicsCentrifugation Density GradientHumansLipid raftlipid rafts[ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]ChemistryCholesterolMembrane ProteinsHematologyGeneral MedicineLipids6. Clean water030104 developmental biologyMembraneBiochemistryMembrane proteinProteomeplateletslipidomicslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Sphingomyelin
researchProduct

Evidence for a selective and electroneutral K+/H+-exchange in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using plasma membrane vesicles

1996

The existence of a K+/H+ transport system in plasma membrane vesicles from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is demonstrated using fluorimetric monitoring of proton fluxes across vesicles (ACMA fluorescence quenching). Plasma membrane vesicles used for this study were obtained by a purification/reconstitution protocol based on differential and discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugations followed by an octylglucoside dilution/gel filtration procedure. This method produces a high percentage of tightly-sealed inside-out plasma membrane vesicles. In these vesicles, the K+/H+ transport system, which is able to catalyse both K+ influx and efflux, is mainly driven by the K+ transmembrane gradient and ca…

Cell Membrane Permeability[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Coated VesiclesCoated vesicleBiological Transport ActiveBioengineeringSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyH(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPaseApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistryMembrane PotentialsCell membraneElectron Transport Complex IVH(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPasealpha-MannosidaseMannosidasesGeneticsmedicineCentrifugation Density GradientNa+/K+-ATPaseComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMembrane potentialVesicleCell MembraneDithiazanineElectron Transport Complex IVIsoxazolesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMembranemedicine.anatomical_structureSpectrometry Fluorescence[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyBiochemistryBiophysicsChromatography GelPotassiumProtonsMannoseBiotechnology
researchProduct

Assembly and Separation of Semiconductor Quantum Dot Dimers and Trimers

2011

Repeated precipitation of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QD) from a good solvent by adding a poor solvent leads to an increasing number of QD oligomers after redispersion in the good solvent. By using density gradient ultracentrifugation we have been able to separate QD monomer, dimer, and trimer fractions from higher oligomers in such solutions. In the corresponding fractions QD dimers and trimers have been enriched up to 90% and 64%, respectively. Besides directly coupled oligomers, QD dimers and trimers were also assembled by linkage with a rigid terrylene diimide dye (TDI) and separated again by ultracentrifugation. High-resolution transmission electron micrographs show that the …

ChemistrySurface PropertiesDimerAnalytical chemistryTrimerGeneral ChemistrySubstrate (electronics)PhotochemistryBiochemistryCatalysisSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundColloidColloid and Surface ChemistryMonomerSemiconductorsDiimideQuantum DotsDensity gradient ultracentrifugationParticle SizeDimerization
researchProduct

Chlorophyll b is involved in long-wavelength spectral properties of light-harvesting complexes LHC I and LHC II.

2001

AbstractChlorophyll (Chl) molecules attached to plant light-harvesting complexes (LHC) differ in their spectral behavior. While most Chl a and Chl b molecules give rise to absorption bands between 645 nm and 670 nm, some special Chls absorb at wavelengths longer than 700 nm. Among the Chl a/b-antennae of higher plants these are found exclusively in LHC I. In order to assign this special spectral property to one chlorophyll species we reconstituted LHC of both photosystem I (Lhca4) and photosystem II (Lhcb1) with carotenoids and only Chl a or Chl b and analyzed the effect on pigment binding, absorption and fluorescence properties. In both LHCs the Chl-binding sites of the omitted Chl species…

Chlorophyll bChlorophyllPhotosystem IIPigment bindingPhotosynthetic Reaction Center Complex ProteinsBiophysicsLight-Harvesting Protein ComplexesPhotosystem IPhotochemistryBiochemistryAbsorptionLight-harvesting complexReconstitutionchemistry.chemical_compoundSolanum lycopersicumStructural BiologySpinacia oleraceaGeneticsChlorophyll bindingCentrifugation Density GradientMolecular BiologyChlorophyll fluorescenceLong-wavelength chlorophyllBinding SitesPhotosystem I Protein ComplexChemistryChlorophyll ATemperaturePhotosystem II Protein ComplexLight-harvesting complexes of green plantsCell BiologyPigments BiologicalPlant LeavesSpectrometry FluorescenceLight-harvesting complexChlorophyll fluorescenceChlorophyll bindingProtein BindingFEBS letters
researchProduct

IM30 triggers membrane fusion in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts

2015

The thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts and cyanobacteria is a unique internal membrane system harbouring the complexes of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain. Despite their apparent importance, little is known about the biogenesis and maintenance of thylakoid membranes. Although membrane fusion events are essential for the formation of thylakoid membranes, proteins involved in membrane fusion have yet to be identified in photosynthetic cells or organelles. Here we show that IM30, a conserved chloroplast and cyanobacterial protein of approximately 30 kDa binds as an oligomeric ring in a well-defined geometry specifically to membranes containing anionic lipids. Triggered by Mg2+, membr…

ChloroplastsGeneral Physics and AstronomyBiologyMembrane FusionThylakoidsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyBacterial ProteinsCentrifugation Density GradientIntegral membrane proteinMultidisciplinaryGalactolipidsPeripheral membrane proteinSynechocystisLipid bilayer fusionfood and beveragesPhosphatidylglycerolsGeneral ChemistryTransmembrane proteinCell biologyChloroplastMembraneThylakoidLiposomesQuantasomeGlycolipidsProtein BindingNature Communications
researchProduct